This gallery was prepared by Colin Orton and is based in part on materials from the following sources:
History of the American Association of Physicists in Medicine, 1958-1998
Formation and early years of the AAPM
Anniversary Paper: Activities of the American Association of Physicists in Medicine 1999–2008
The need to form a national medical physics society in the USA grew out of discussions to form an international medical physics federation (ultimately to be called the International Organization for Medical Physics (IOMP)).
Senior USA medical physicists involved in the formation of the IOMP proposed that this new international organization be comprised of national societies, not individuals.
But the USA did not have such a society, hence the urgent need to establish one.
June 1958: A Steering Committee was formed with the task to develop a proposal to create a national society.
November 1958: A formal proposal was made to those medical physicists attending the RSNA meeting, this being the major single conference that medical physicists had been attending each year.
A motion to form the American Association of Physicists in Medicine was made and unanimously approved.
Functions were defined as professional and educational, not scientific.
A Temporary Constitution and Board of 12 Directors were presented and approved and the first President, Gale Adams, was elected.
Second Annual Meeting was held at the RSNA in November 1959
A Constituting Committee was formed
Third Annual Meeting was held at the RSNA in November 1960
Constitution, with added scientific function, was approved
First professional questionnaire published
Affiliation with the International Committee on Medical Physics
AAPM incorporated
AAPM becomes a Collaborating Organization of NCRP
First International Conference on Medical Physics (ICMP) held in Harrogate, UK
Physicists become eligible for Full Membership in the RSNA
AAPM becomes a co-sponsor of the American Board of Health Physics
First AAPM Summer School, Burlington, Vermont
AAPM becomes Charter Member of Alliance for Engineering in Medicine and Biology
Second ICMP held in Boston with Webster as Secretary-General
AIP begins to provide administrative services to the AAPM
Shirley Vickers assumes editorship of the Quarterly Bulletin
First President to be elected by the members (previously by the Board)
SCRAD publishes “Protocol for Dosimetry of X- and Gamma-Ray Beams with Maximum energies between 0.6 and 50 MeV” in PMB
First report of AAPM-ACR Joint Committee on Manpower Needs in Medical Physics published
Colin Orton becomes the Editor of the Quarterly Bulletin
New Award for Distinguished Contributions to Medical Physics named after, and presented to, Dr. William D. Coolidge
AAPM Board endorses proposal to publish a journal
First joint symposium with American Physical Society
Members polled on the question “Are you in favor of creating a new professional organization?”
Result:
Yes 69%; No 12%; Other 19%.
AAPM becomes a Full Member Society of AIP
AAPM Council Structure proposed: Science, Educational and Professional Councils formed
“Clinical” member status discussed
Board presented Motion that an American Academy of Medical Physics (AAMP) be established.
After discussion, the Board decided instead to form the AAPM Professional Council
AAPM published first issue of Medical Physics, with Gail Adams the founding Editor
Agreement reached with NCI to fund regional Center for Radiological Physics (CRP) program: Six regional CRPs established
Physicists eligible for Full Membership in American Rontgen Ray Society
Membership exceeds 1000
Radiation Therapy Committee publishes “Code of Practice for X-Ray Therapy Linear Accelerators” in Medical Physics
Code of Ethics and Employment Practices Code established
ABR certification procedures modified
Farrington Daniels Award for Best Article on Radiation Dosimetry Published in Medical Physics established
Chicago firm Smith, Bucklin and Association hired for management services: Sharon Pierce assumes the role of Executive Officer
AAPM Newsletter initiated with Andrew Bukovits Editor
Membership rejects “Clinical” membership status
Publication of AAPM Monograph #1: Biophysical Aspects of Medical Use of Technetium-99m
AAPM Report Series initiated with “Phantoms and Performance Evaluation and Quality Assurance of CT Scanners”
AAPM Charter Member Rosalyn Yallow wins Nobel Prize for Radioimmunoassay discovery
Publication of AAPM Report No. 2 – Training Programs in Medical Physics
Concept of an Administrative Council discussed by the Board
CRP Report series initiated
JCAH defines “Qualified Medical Physicist” in Hospital Accreditation Manual
Board votes to change management firm to P. M. Haeger & Associates
Board formed an ad hoc committee to explore the potential establishment of a Commission on Review and Accreditation of Training Programs in Medical Physics
Publication of AAPM Monograph #2: Practical Aspects of Electron Beam Treatment Planning
AAPM Board asked to nominate physicists for appointment of a Trustee of American Board of Radiology
AAPM sponsors American Board of Science in Nuclear Medicine
Edward Siegel becomes Editor of Medical Physics
Publication of AAPM Monograph #3: The Physics of Medical Imaging: Recording System Measurements and Techniques
AIP selected as new management firm for AAPM
Renewed interest in professional issues and members polled on the question “Should the AAPM more actively try to influence legislation and regulation?” The results were:
Yes 311; No 11.
Publication of Report No. 7 – Protocol for Neutron Beam Dosimetry (1980)
Publication of AAPM Monograph #4: Quality Assurance in Diagnostic Radiology
Publication of AAPM Monograph #5: Biological risks of medical irradiations
Publication of AAPM Monograph #6 Medical Physics of CT and Ultrasound: Tissue Imaging and Characterization
AAPM ad hoc Committee on Professionalism formed whose task was to recommend how better to address our professional needs
Committee recommended the formation of the American College of Medical Physics (ACMP)
AAPM Board agrees to formation of an ACMP Constituting Panel with ten AAPM members elected by membership, and voted to provide $5000 to support Panel meetings
AAPM forms the Commission on Accreditation of Medical Physics Education Programs (CAMPEP)
AAPM Management Office moved to the AIP in New York with Anke Junge Executive Secretary
Publication of AAPM Monograph #7 Recent Advances in Brachytherapy Physics
AAPM members polled on the question “Do you favor formation of the ACMP?”
Results: Yes 277; No 121.
ACMP established independent of AAPM
ACR creates a Commission on Physics
Edward Chaney becomes Editor of Medical Physics
Publication of Report No. 11 – A Guide to the Teaching of Clinical Radiological Physics to Residents In Radiology
Publication of AAPM Monograph #8 Physical Aspects of Hyperthermia
Publication of AAPM Monograph #9: Advances in Radiation Therapy Treatment Planning
Membership surpasses 2,000.
The AAPM officially applied for sponsor member status on the ABR
Publication of TG-21: A protocol for the determination of absorbed dose from high-energy photon and electron beams
Sylvia Sorkin Greenfield Award for the Best Paper Published in Medical Physics established
AAPM became a participating member of the Consortium of Radiation Therapy Societies
Elaine Osterman appointed AAPM Executive Officer
Publication of AAPM Monograph #10 Physics of Nuclear Medicine: Recent Advances
Publication of AAPM Monograph #11 Electronic Imaging in Medicine
Application for sponsor status of the ABR was not approved
AAPM/HPA travel award established
Annual Meeting was an “Inter-American Meeting of
Medical Physics”
Publication of Report No. 13 – Physical Aspects of Quality Assurance in Radiation Therapy
Publication of AAPM Monograph #12: Recent Developments in Digital Imaging
Fearghus O’Foghludha becomes Editor of Medical Physics
Board votes to provide Medical Physics free to student members
Members were polled to determine if they supported the formation of an American Board of Medical Physics (ABMP). The result was:
193 FOR
219 AGAINST
AAPM forms an Ad-Hoc Committee on the Constituting
Panel of the ABMP
Publication by the AAPM of the document “The Roles, Responsibilities, and Status of the Clinical Medical Physicist”
Publication of AAMP Monograph #13: Multiple Regression Analysis. Applications in the Health Sciences
John Laughlin becomes Editor of Medical Physics
Application for sponsor status of the ABR still not approved
Members polled on the question: “Do you support AAPM sponsorship of the ABMP at this time?”
Result: YES 212, NO 478
Motion that the AAPM sponsor the American Board of Medical Physics reopened by the Board but tabled indefinitely
Publication of Report No. 16 – Protocol for Heavy Charged-Particle Therapy Beam Dosimetry
Publication of Report No. 17 – The Physical Aspects of Total and Half Body Photon Irradiation
Publication of Report No. 19 – Neutron Measurements Around High Energy X-Ray Radiotherapy Machines
Publication of Report No. 20 – Site Planning for Magnetic Resonance Imaging Systems
Publication of AAPM Monograph #14: NMR in Medicine: The Instrumentation and Clinical Applications
Application for sponsor status of the ABR still not approved and discussed in depth by the Board which voted to continue to seek sponsor status
The Ad-Hoc Committee on the Constituting Panel of the ABMP proposed that the AAPM sponsor the American Board of Medical Physics. The AAPM Board tables the Motion.
Publication of Report No. 24 – Radiotherapy Portal Imaging Quality
Publication of Report No. 23 – Total Skin Electron Therapy: Technique and Dosimetry
Publication of AAPM Monograph #15: Advances in accelerator design
World Congress held in San Antonio.
The Board of Directors approved a contribution of $7500.00 to the Texas Medical Physics Society for support of their effort to obtain licensure for medical physicists in Texas.
CAMPEP accredits first graduate program
Board approves the document “Qualifications for Independently Performing the Duties of a Clinical Medical Physicist.”
Publication of Report No. 25 – Protocols for the Radiation Safety Surveys of Diagnostic Radiological Equipment
Publication of AAPM Monograph #16: Biological, Physical, and Clinical Aspects of Hyperthermia
Publication of AAPM Monograph #17 Computers in Medical Physics
Application for sponsor status of the ABR still not approved
Summer School Scholarship program initiated
The Trilateral Committee formed to “foster cooperative relationships between the AAPM, the ACMP, and the ACR”
AAPM Executive Officer Elaine Osterman’s title changed to “Executive Director”
Publication of AAPM Monograph #18 Expanding the Role of Medical Physics in Nuclear Medicine
Membership exceeds 3000
The ABR approved AAPM sponsorship with one trustee, not the three trustees originally requested
History Committee video interviews program initiated
Publication of TG-25: Clinical electron-beam dosimetry
Publication of Report No. 36 – Essentials and Guidelines for Hospital Based Medical Physics Residency Training Programs
Publication of Report No. 28 – Quality Assurance Methods and Phantoms for Magnetic Resonance Imaging
Publication of AAPM Monograph #19: Advances in Radiation Oncology Physics: Dosimetry, Treatment Planning, and Brachytherapy
The Board accepts the ABR offer to allow AAPM sponsorship of the ABR with one trustee
The Board issued a resolution in support of the effort to obtain licensure of medical physicists in California by the California Medical Physics Society
“Qualifications for Independently Performing the Duties of a Clinical Medical Physicist” published in the AAPM Newsletter.
Publication of Report No. 33 – Staffing Levels and Responsibilities of Physicists in Diagnostic Radiology
Publication of Report No. 32 – Clinical Electron-Beam Dosimetry
Publication of AAPM Monograph #20: Specification, Acceptance Testing and Quality Control of Diagnostic Imaging Equipment
The Board votes to relocate AAPM Headquarters from New York to the American Center for Physics, College Park, MD
Publication of Report No. 35 – Recommendations on Performance Characteristics of Diagnostic Exposure Meters
Publication of Report No. 34 – Acceptance Testing of Magnetic Resonance Imaging Systems
Publication of AAPM Monograph #21: The Physics of MRI
Motion that the AAPM sponsor the American Board of Medical Physics was reopened by the Board but tabled indefinitely
AAPM HQ moved to the American Center for Physics, College Park, MD with Sal Trofi, Jr. as the new Executive Director
Publication of Report No. 44 – Academic Program for Master of Science Degree in Medical Physics
Publication of Report No. 38 – The Role of a Physicist in Radiation Oncology
Publication of Medical Physics Monograph No. 22: Digital Imaging
Publication of TG-40: Comprehensive QA for radiation oncology
Publication of Report No. 47 – AAPM Code of Practice for Radiotherapy Accelerators
Publication of Report No. 45 – Management of Radiation Oncology Patients with Implanted Cardiac Pacemakers
The ABR approves three trustees for the AAPM
CAMPEP becomes independent of the AAPM
Membership exceeds 4000
Publication of TG-43: Dosimetry of interstitial brachytherapy sources
AAPM begins storing archives in the AIP Neils Bohr Library
Publication of the 1st AAPM/ACMP Abt Study of Medical Physicist Work Values for Radiation Oncology Physics Services
CAMPEP accredits first continuing education programs
Publication of Report No. 55 – Radiation Treatment Planning Dosimetry Verification
Publication of Report No. 54 – Stereotactic Radiosurgery (1995)
A dialogue initiated between the ABMP and the ABR concerning an effort to establish a single certification board for medical physicists
The ABR formed a Medical Physics Board Certification Council to work on a unified process for medical physics certification.
An AAPM ad hoc Committee on Medical Physics Certification formed
The Medical Physics journal Editorial Office moved to the AAMP HQ in College Park.
Achievement in Medical Physics Award (now called the “Edith H. Quimby Lifetime Achievement Award”) initiated
Colin Orton becomes Editor of Medical Physics
In response to a request from the ABR, the Board passed the following statement: “The AAPM reaffirms its sponsorship of the ABR and does not sponsor any other competing Board”
Publication of TG-56: Code of practice for brachytherapy physics
CAMPEP accredits first medical physics residency program
Publication of AAPM Monograph #23: The Expanding Role of Medical Physics in Diagnostic Imaging
AAPM supports the ACMP proposal that requests three ACMP trustees on the ABR Board to unify the two medical physics certification Boards
AAPM 40th Anniversary celebrated at the Annual Meeting in San Antonio and with a Special Supplement of Medical Physics
Publication of Report No. 63 – Radiochromic Film Dosimetry
Publication of Report No. 62-Quality assurance for clinical radiotherapy treatment planning
Publication of Report No. 61 – High dose-rate brachytherapy treatment delivery
Publication of AAPM Monograph #24: Imaging in Radiation Therapy
Publication of TG-51: A protocol for clinical reference dosimetry of high-energy photon and electron beams
Publication of TG-64: Permanent prostate seed implant brachytherapy
The Medical Physics journal goes online
Publication of Report No. 64 – A Guide to the Teaching of Clinical Radiological Physics to Residents in Diagnostic and Therapeutic Radiology
Publication of AAPM Monograph #25: Practical Digital Imaging and PACS
AAPM hosts the World Congress in Chicago
AAPM provides financial support for medical physicist licensure efforts in New York State
Summer School Fellowship program approved by the Board
Publication of AAPM Monograph #26: General Practice of Radiation Oncology Physics in the 21st Century
ABMP and ABR sign agreement that unifies the certification of medical physicists: The ABR will continue to examine in the traditional fields of therapeutic, diagnostic, and nuclear medicine, and the ABMP will examine in non-traditional fields such as MRI and medical health physics
AAPM becomes a sponsor of the ABMP
AAPM Virtual Library and web-based learning site launched
Publication of Report No. 75 – Clinical use of electronic portal imaging
Publication of Report No. 73 – Medical Lasers: Quality Control, Safety Standards, and Regulations
Publication of AAPM Monograph #27: Accreditation Programs and the Medical Physicist
Publication of Report No. 77 – Practical aspects of function MRI
Publication of Report No. 79 – Academic Program Recommendations for Graduate Degrees in Medical Physics
Publication of Report No. 78 – Proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy in the brain
Publication of AAPM Monograph #28: Intravascular Brachytherapy – Fluoroscopically Guided Interventions
Publication of the 2nd AAPM/ACMP Abt Study of Medical Physicist Work Values for Radiation Oncology Physics Services
Publication of Report No. 82 – Guidance document on delivery, treatment planning, and clinical implementation of IMRT
Publication of Report No. 83 – Quality assurance for computed-tomography simulators and the computed-tomography-simulation process
Publication of AAPM Monograph #29: Intensity-Modulated Radiation Therapy: The State of the Art
Membership exceeds 5000
Bill Hendee becomes Editor of Medical Physics
Angela Keyser becomes Executive Director upon Sal Trofi’s retirement
Publication of Report No. 84: Update of AAPM Task Group No. 43 Report: A revised AAPM protocol for brachytherapy dose
Publication of AAPM Monograph #30: Specifications, Performance Evaluation and Quality Assurance of Radiographic and Fluoroscopic Systems in the Digital Era
Publication of Report of AAPM Task Group No. 7 of the Radiation Protection Committee: “Reference Values for Diagnostic X-Ray Examinations”.
Publication of Report No. 87 – Diode in Vivo Dosimetry for Patients Receiving External Beam Radiation Therapy
Publication of TG18 Report – Assessment of Display Performance for Medical Imaging Systems
Publication of AAPM Monograph #31: Brachytherapy Physics, 2nd Edition
Membership exceeds 6000
Publication of Report No. 90 – Essentials and Guidelines for Hospital-Based Medical Physics Residency Training Programs
Publication of Report No. 91-The Management of Respiratory Motion in Radiation Oncology
Publication of Report No. 93 – Acceptance Testing and Quality Control of Photostimulable Storage Phosphor Imaging Systems
Publication of Report No. 108- PET and PET/CT Shielding Requirements
Publication of AAPM Monograph #32: Integrating New Technologies into the Clinic: Monte Carlo and Image-Guided Radiation Therapy
AAPM Board recommends that graduation from an accredited clinical residency program should be a requirement for qualifying for board certification. ABR declared that completion of an accredited residency would be a requirement to sit for the Board Examination in Physics in 2014
Publication of Report No. 95 – The management of imaging dose during image-guided radiotherapy
Publication of Report No. 149 – Dose calculation formalisms and consensus dosimetry parameters for intravascular brachytherapy dosimetry
Publication of Report No. 216 – Radiographic film for megavoltage beam dosimetry
The AAPM cosponsors the “Image Gently” campaign
AAPM celebrates Golden Anniversary
The Society of Directors of Academic Medical Physics Programs (SDAMPP) formed
Publication of the 3rd AAPM/ACMP Abt Study of Medical Physicist Work Values for Radiation Oncology Physics Services
Publication of Report No. 96 – The Measurement, Reporting, and Management of Radiation Dose in CT
Publication of Report No. 106 – Accelerator beam data commissioning equipment and procedures
Publication of AAPM Monograph #33: The Physics and Applications of PET/CT Imaging
Membership exceeds 7000
Publication of AAPM Report 142: Quality assurance of medical accelerators
Publication of AAPM Report 197: Academic program recommendations for graduate degrees in Medical Physics
Publication of Report No. 99 – Recommendations for clinical electron beam dosimetry
Publication of AAPM Monograph #34: Clinical Dosimetry Measurements in Radiotherapy
New “Administrative Council” formed
The Board voted to assume the core elements of ACMP into the AAPM, starting on January 1, 2012, subject to the approval of an agreement by the Boards of the ACMP and the AAPM.
The core ACMP elements to be preserved include the ACMP’s annual meeting as the AAPM’s spring clinical meeting, the Marvin M.D. Williams Award, and the Journal of Applied Clinical Medical Physics (JACMP)
Publication of Report No. 100 – Acceptance Testing and Quality Assurance Procedures for Magnetic Resonance Imaging Facilities
Publication of Report No. 101 – Stereotactic body radiation therapy
Publication of Report No. 148 – QA for helical tomotherapy
The Board reaffirmed the goal of advancing licensure of QMPs in the United States
Publication of Report No. 120 – Dosimetry tools and techniques for IMRT
Publication of Report No. 204 – Size-Specific Dose Estimates (SSDE) in Pediatric and Adult Body CT Examinations
Publication of Report No. 135-Quality assurance for robotic radiosurgery
Publication of AAPM Monograph #35: Uncertainties in External Beam Radiation Therapy
AAPM assumes the core elements of the ACMP.
The Marvin M.D. Williams Award and the JACMP moved from the ACMP to the AAPM
The 1st Spring Clinical Meeting held in Dallas
The Board voted to authorize AAPM to support Medical Physics Licensure and Regulatory Recognition Subcommittee with a budget of $100,000 per year for two years
The Board pledges to support Image Wisely
Publication of AAPM Report 229: Dose calculation for photon-emitting brachytherapy sources with average energy higher than 50 keV
Membership exceeds 8000
Publication of AAPM Report 249: Essentials and guidelines for clinical Medical Physics residency training programs
JACMP begins publication of Medical Physics Practice Guidelines (MPPGs)
Publication of AAPM MPPG 1.a: CT Protocol Management and Review Practice Guideline
Publication of AAPM Monograph #36: Quality and Safety in Radiotherapy: Learning the New Approaches in Task Group 100 and Beyond
Jeff Williamson becomes Editor of Medical Physics
The AAPM entered into agreements with the NCRP and ICRU to allow AAPM to purchase access to NCRP and ICRU publications for Full AAPM Members
The AAPM endorsed a national matching program for medical physics residencies and committed $150.000 over a four-year period to support the Residency Pairing Program
The MedPhys Match Program initiated
Board votes to authorize purchase the property located at 1631 Prince Street, Alexandria, Virginia for the new AAPM Headquarters
Publication of AAPM MPPG 2.a: Commissioning and quality assurance of X-ray–based image-guided radiotherapy systems
New HQ building purchased in Alexandria VA
The Board voted to commit $100,000 in 2016 to continue collaborations with ASTRO on the Radiation Oncology Incident Learning System (RO-ILS)
Publication of AAPM Report 151: Ongoing quality control in digital radiography
Publication of AAPM MPPG 3.a: Levels of supervision for medical physicists in clinical training
Publication of AAPM MPPG 4.a: Development, implementation, use and maintenance of safety checklists
Publication of AAPM MPPG 5.a.: Commissioning and QA of Treatment Planning Dose Calculations — Megavoltage Photon and Electron Beams
Publication of the 4th Abt Study of Medical Physicist Work Values for Radiation Oncology Physics Services
Publication of AAMP Monograph #37: Principles and Practice of Proton Beam Therapy, AAPM Monograph, 2015 Summer School
The Board voted for the AAPM to assume oversight of the Integrating the Healthcare Enterprise in Radiation Oncology (IHE-RO) project, previously managed by ASTRO
Publication of TG-100: Application of risk analysis methods to radiation therapy quality management
Publication of Report No. 167-Guidelines by the AAPM and GEC-ESTRO on the use of innovative brachytherapy devices and applications
Publication of AAPM MPPG 6.a.: Performance characteristics of radiation dose index monitoring systems
Publication of AAPM MPPG 8.a.: Linear accelerator performance tests
Publication of AAPM-RSS MPPG 9.a. for SRS-SBRT
Publication of AAPM Monograph #38: Clinical Brachytherapy Physics
History Committee deposited time capsule to celebrate the 60th Anniversary
Publication of AAPM MPPG 10.a.: Scope of practice for clinical medical physics
Publication of Report No. 218- Tolerance Limits and Methodologies for IMRT Measurement-Based Verification QA
Publication of Report No. TRS-483 – Dosimetry of small static fields used in external photon beam radiotherapy
Publication of APM Monograph #39: Image Guidance in Radiation Therapy: Techniques, Accuracy, and Limitations
Publication of Report No. 270 – Display Quality Assurance
Publication of Report No. 177 – Acceptance Testing and Annual Physics Survey Recommendations for Gamma Camera, SPECT, and SPECT/CT Systems
Publication of Report No. 246 – Estimating Patient Organ Dose with Computed Tomography: A Review of Present Methodology and Required DICOM Information
Publication of Report No. 293 – Size Specific Dose Estimate (SSDE) for Head CT
Publication of Report No. 233 – Performance Evaluation of Computed Tomography Systems
Publication of Report No. 224 – AAPM task group 224: comprehensive proton therapy machine quality assurance (2019)
Publication of Report No. 126 – PET/CT Acceptance Testing and Quality Assurance (2019)
Board votes to amend the By-Laws and Rules of the AAPM to establish an International Council. Membership votes approval.
Publication of Report No. 291 – Principles and Applications of Multi-energy CT
Publication of AAPM MPPG 7.a.: Supervision of medical physicist assistants
The AAPM together with the RSNA and ACR selected to Develop Massive Open-Source COVID-19 Medical Image Database through NIBIB contract with the University of Chicago
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